Evaluation Effect of Melatonin, Vitamin D3 and VDR expression levels on Histological Structure of Pineal Gland in Male Rats
May 31, 2026A study of the Histopahological changes of the human placenta in women who have miscarried and are infected with toxoplasmosis in AlDiwaniyah Governorate
May 31, 2026Saadiyah Abed Jaddoa , Majid Kadhim Abboud
AL-Qadisiyah University/ College of Education/Department of Biology/Microbiology
Abstract
A total of 230 samples were collected from various modes of transportation (private and public cars and
trains), two isolates of the fungus Epicoccum nigrum and two isolates of the fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana
were obtained. These isolates were identified based on the morphological characteristics of the fungal
culture as well as microscopic characteristics, and their diagnosis was confirmed molecularly based on the
18SrRNA gene using PCR technology. Some virulence factors (protease enzyme, lipase enzyme, and
biofilm) were investigated in two isolates of the fungus Epicoccum nigrum and two isolates of the fungus
Bipolaris sorokiniana, The results of the phenotypic detection of the protease enzyme showed that all
isolates gave a positive result, i.e., they showed their ability to secrete this enzyme. The gene responsible
for the secretion of this enzyme was detected molecularly, and the phenotypic detection of lipase secretion
was positive in all isolates studied. that all these isolates contained the lipase secretion gene through
molecular detection. The results were negative in the morphological detection of biofilm formation in all
isolates. I conducted a sensitivity test on the Epicoccum nigrum and Bipolaris sorokiniana fungal isolates,
both morphologically and molecularly, for a number of antifungal agents, namely fluconazole, nystatin,
and amphotericin-B. None of the Bipolaris sorokiniana isolates showed resistance to any of these
antifungals, while one of the Epicoccum nigrum isolates showed resistance to the antifungals Nystatin and
Amphotericin-B, and the second isolate of this fungus showed resistance to Fluconazole. The results of
molecular detection of the fluconazole resistance gene showed that one of my Epicoccum nigrum isolates
contained this gene, while molecular detection confirmed that neither of my Bipolaris sorokiniana isolates
contained the gene under investigation.
